CIGS thin film solar cell consists of copper, indium, gallium and selenium. CIGS solar cell has been proven to be the most efficient thin film solar cell to convert light energy into electrical energy. CIGS solar modules have a multi-layered structure of semiconductor compounds stacked on a glass substrate that is coated with Molydenum, CIGS (Copper-Indium-Gallium-Selenium), CdS, ZnO and TCO transparent electrode (ZnO: Al, ITO, IZO). The glass substrate can be substituted with flexible substrate materials such as metal and plastic.

CIGS thin film solar cell is designed to be manufactured on a large-size glass substrate on which individual cells are monolithically integrated. In contrast to the conventional process of silicon wafer based solar cells that individually interconnects each cells on a substrate, the monolithic integration can lead to products of comparable performance (highest efficiency) but with significant manufacturing advantages: lower consumption of direct and indirect materials, fewer processing steps and easier automation. The monolithic structure is created by patterning the MO, CIGS and CdS layers on a glass substrate using laser or mechanical scriber.